updates/021_2019dec29_nlnet_grants_approved.mdwn

   1 Across several projects, nearly EUR 400,000 worth of additional funding
   2 applications were put in, and around EUR 200,000 to 250,000 of those have
   3 been approved.  The RISC-V Foundation's continued extreme unethical
   4 actions have led us to consider using Power ISA.
   5
   6 ### NLnet Grants
   7
   8 [NLnet](http://nlnet.nl) were first approached eighteen months ago, with
   9 an initial application to develop the core of a privacy-respecting trustable
  10 processor.  Whilst NLnet's primary focus of the past fifteen years has been
  11 software, they have funded reverse-engineering for
  12 [Osmocon BB](https://nlnet.nl/project/sdr-phy/) and for
  13 [OpenBSC](https://nlnet.nl/project/iuh-openbsc/) so are no strangers to
  14 hardware.  The problem with software is: if the hardware cannot be trusted,
  15 then no amount of trustable, open and transparent software will help.
  16
  17 The [additional proposals](https://libre-riscv.org/nlnet_proposals/)
  18 expand on the core, to cover:
  19
  20 * formal mathematical correctness proofs for the entire processor, including
  21   the FPU (no more Intel Pentium FPDIV bugs...)
  22 * a special video acceleration focus, adding video decode instructions
  23 * an additional 3D driver based on AMDVLK or MESA
  24 * some funding to be able to properly develop and document ISA standards
  25 * a Wishbone streaming enhancement to add A/V timecode stamps to Wishbone B4,
  26   and to develop independent libre-licensed peripherals as examples
  27 * two interrelated proposals to develop libre cell Libraries
  28   ([Chips4Makers](http://chips4makers.io/)), to be used by a team at
  29   [LIP6.fr](http://lip6.fr) using the Alliance / Coriolis2 ASIC layout
  30   tools; Additional funding will go to the nmigen team for ASIC
  31   improvements and special integration with Coriolis2
  32
  33 The goal here is to get to a working, commercially viable 180 nm
  34 single-core ASIC at around 300 to 350 MHz, suitable for use as a
  35 high-end embedded controller.  Staf from Chips4Makers will act as the
  36 "NDA firebreak" between us and TSMC.  (Side note: Staf ran a [Crowd
  37 Supply campaign](https://www.crowdsupply.com/chips4makers/retro-uc),
  38 and the NLnet funding will help him to realise that project and
  39 perhaps re-start a new campaign for the Retro-uC one day).
  40
  41 All of these have been approved by NLnet, and, crucially, the external
  42 independent review process successfully completed for each.  The exact
  43 amounts of each grant is to be confirmed, with each being possible to be
  44 up to the limit of EUR 50,000 for each sub-project.
  45
  46 Part of the process was a little tricky, initially: the independent reviewers
  47 expressed surprise at the amounts being requested for *sub*-tasks when the
  48 initial application back in December 2019 was so small, relative to
  49 the intended goal.  The reason was very simple: both Jacob
  50 and I have unique low-income circumstances that simply do not need European /
  51 Western style living expenses.  Whereas, when we get to much more specialist
  52 tasks (such as formal mathematical proofs, video assembly-level drivers,
  53 and so on), these fields are so specialized that finding people who are good
  54 *and* who are able to exist on student or southeast-asia-level funding is just not
  55 practical.
  56
  57 Therefore, we made sure that the calculations were based around an approximate
  58 EUR 3,000 per month budget per person, bearing in mind that due to
  59 <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algemeen_nut_beogende_instelling">international tax agreements</a>
  60 that apply to Charitable Organisations such as NLnet
  61 (more information about this <a href="https://www.philanthropyadvocacy.eu/legal-environment-for-philanthropy-in-europe/">here</a>,
  62 this being donations, that's equivalent to a
  63 "wage" of approximately nearly twice that amount (three times if, as a
  64 business, you have to take into consideration corporation tax / employee
  65 insurance as well).
  66
  67 We now need to find people willing to help do the work. What is
  68 really nice is that NLnet will donate money to them for completion of that work!
  69 Therefore, if you've always wanted to work on a 3D processor, its drivers
  70 and its source code, do get in touch.
  71
  72 ### PowerPC
  73
  74 This is a
  75 [long story](http://lists.libre-riscv.org/pipermail/libre-riscv-dev/2019-October/003035.html)
  76 that was picked up by
  77 [Phoronix](https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=news_item&px=Libre-RISC-V-Eyeing-POWER)
  78 before we had a chance to make any kind of real "announcement."  However,
  79 we're always really grateful to Michael for his coverage of the Libre SoC,
  80 as it always sparks some insightful, useful, and engaging discussions.
  81
  82 The summary is this: Libre and Open contributors to RISC-V have been
  83 disregarded for several years.  **Long** before I joined the RISC-V
  84 mailing lists, it was *well-known* within that small and tightly-knit
  85 community that if you were not associated directly with UC Berkeley, you were
  86 basically not welcome.  Caveat: if you signed the NDA-like agreement
  87 which conflicts directly with, for example, the Debian Charter and
  88 the whole purpose of libre licenses, then you got a "voice" and you
  89 got access to the closed and secretive RISC-V resources and mailing
  90 lists.
  91
  92 Michael puts it extremely well: I have absolutely no problem with the
  93 ISA itself, it's the abuse of power and the flagrant ignoring and abuse
  94 of basic tenets of trademark law that are just completely untenable.
  95 Not only that: one well-paid employee of SiFive has *repeatedly* engaged
  96 in defamation attacks for over eighteen months.  Even raising a formal
  97 complaint through the newly-established relationship with the Linux
  98 Foundation failed to keep that individual under control.  Also adversely
  99 impacted was the newly-established Open Graphics Alliance initiative,
 100 which was independently started by Pixilica back in October,
 101 proposed at SIGGRAPH 2019 and welcomed by world-leading 3D industry
 102 experts.
 103
 104 At some point you just have to appreciate that to continue to support
 105 an unethical organisation is itself unethical, and thus I made the
 106 decision to reach out to MIPS and Power.  The MIPS website didn't even
 107 work, so I gave up there immediately.  The Open Power Foundation on
 108 the other hand, I was both delighted and surprised to hear back from
 109 a former colleague when I was in Canberra, 20 years ago: Hugh Blemings.
 110
 111 Hugh is extremely knowledgeable, highly intelligent, and completely
 112 understands Libre and Open principles.  We had only 15 minutes to
 113 talk before he had to focus on preparing for the upcoming Open Power
 114 Conference: in that short time, we covered:
 115
 116 * the need for ISANS / ISAMUX "breakout" system.  Hugh even said,
 117   without prompting, that the scheme I quickly described would
 118   allow full software-level ISA emulation and that that was a really
 119   good and necessary thing.  With this **formally** in place as part
 120   of an officially-approved Power ISA Standard, not only could our team
 121   expand the Power ISA in a safe and controlled fashion, so could other
 122   adopters of the Power ISA.
 123 * that the core OpenPower members had *already been discussing* how to make
 124   sure that new Libre teams with a commercial focus could join and not
 125   have any transparency / patent / NDA / royalty / licensing conflicts
 126   of interest.  The only major thing that the other members particularly
 127   wanted was a "public relations blackout period," right around the time
 128   of announcement of new standards, which sounds perfectly reasonable
 129   to me.
 130 * that IBM will be providing a royalty-free unlimited license grant
 131   for *all* of its patents, as long as firstly the licensees do not
 132   make any effort to assert patents **against** IBM, and secondly,
 133   as long as implementations are fully-compliant with the OpenPower
 134   standards.
 135 * that there is discussion underway as to the creation and maintenance
 136   of formal compliance test suites, just as there is today with the
 137   RISC-V ISA.
 138 * that the use of a certification mark - not a service mark or a trade mark -
 139   is the most appropriate thing for ISA standards.  I mentioned this
 140   only briefly however it takes a lot more than 15 minutes to properly
 141   explain, so I am not going to push it: Hugh is doing so much fantastic
 142   work already.
 143
 144 It was a very busy and positive conversation, where it is clear that
 145 we caught them at just the right time in the process.  Consequently,
 146 my discussion with Hugh was just at the right time.  Without that,
 147 the existing OpenPower members might never have really truly believed
 148 that any Libre **commercial** project would ever in fact come forward
 149 and that the steps the OpenPower members were taking were purely hypothetical.
 150 Out of the blue (pun intended), I contact Hugh and highlight that no,
 151 it's not hypothetical.
 152
 153 The next step, then, will be to wait until mid-january when people come
 154 back from holiday, and wait for the announcement of the OpenPower
 155 license agreement.  Hugh reassures me that there's nothing spectacularly
 156 controversial in it, and given his long-standing experience of several
 157 decades with the Libre and Open Communities, I cannot think of a reason
 158 why it would not be possible to sign it.  We just have to see.
 159
 160 The timing here with NLnet is just on the edge: we have to create a
 161 full list of milestones and assign a fixed budget to each (then later
 162 subdivide them into sub-tasks under that milestone).  This is a leeeetle
 163 bit challenging when we have not yet reviewed the OpenPower agreement,
 164 however, given that the majority of the tasks are ISA-independent, it
 165 will actually work out fine.
 166
 167 The only other major thing: what the heck do we do with the libre-riscv.org
 168 domain?  As you can see on the mailing list decision, we decided to go
 169 with a *userspace* RV64GC dual-ISA front-end.  **Userspace** RISC-V POSIX
 170 (Linux / Android) applications will work perfectly well, as will **userspace**
 171 PowerISA POSIX applications, however the **kernel** (supervisor) space will
 172 be entirely PowerISA.
 173
 174 The video and 3D acceleration opcodes will be **entirely in the Power
 175 ISA**.  We are sick and tired of the RISC-V Foundation's intransigence
 176 and blatant mismanagement.  Therefore, we will comply to the absolute
 177 minimal letter with RV64GC for the benefit of our users, backers, and
 178 sponsors who will be expecting RISC-V Compliance.  However, RISC-V and the
 179 RISC-V ISA itself will no longer receive the benefit of the advancements
 180 and innovation that we have received funding and support to develop.
 181
 182 So, the assembly-code being written by hand for the video acceleration
 183 side, as well as the 3D drivers for Kazan and MESA, will "flip" from RV64GC
 184 RISC-V over to the Power ISA, which will be fully 3D accelerated with advanced
 185 Simple-V Vector operations, then return back to userspace RISC-V RV64GC ISA
 186 to continue serving the user application.
 187
 188 Next steps for us include setting up a foundation under which the processor
 189 can be developed, and to look towards the next major funding step: USD 10M
 190 to 20M.