-# Comparative analysis of Andes Packed ISA proposal vs Harmonised RVP
-
-Harmonised RVP is a proposal to provide SIMD functionality comparable to the Andes Packed SIMD ISA, but in a manner that is forwards compatible ("harmonised") with the RV Vector specification.
-
-An example use case is a string copy operation - using Harmonised RVP, code can use integer register SIMD instructions to copy a string. This code can then also execute (unchanged) on a full RV Vector processor and use the dedicated vector unit to copy the string. Harmonised RVP also upwards compatibility between RV32 and RV64 SIMD using this same approach.
-
-## Register file comparison
-
-The Andes Packed SIMD ISA permits any GPR to be used for either INT8 or INT16 vector operations.
-In contrast, the default Harmonised RVP GPR register file is divided into a lower bank of Vector[INT8] and an upper banxk of Vector[INT16].
-(Effectively, the vector element size is encoded by the most significant bit of the 5 bit register specifiers.
-However programmers can reconfigure the register file data types, if the default configuration is unsuitable.)
-
-| Register | Andes ISA | Harmonised RVP ISA |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| v0 | Hardwired zero | Hardwired zero |
-| v1 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | Predicate mask |
-| | | |
-| v2 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xSINT8] |
-| v3 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xSINT8] |
-| v4 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xSINT8] |
-| v5 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xSINT8] |
-| v6 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xSINT8] |
-| v7 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xSINT8] |
-| v8 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v9 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v10 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v11 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v12 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v13 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v14 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| v15 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xUINT8] |
-| | | |
-| v16 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v17 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v18 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v19 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v20 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v21 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v22 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v23 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xSINT16] |
-| v24 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xUINT16] |
-| v25 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xUINT16] |
-| v26 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xUINT16] |
-| v27 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xUINT16] |
-| v28 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xUINT16] |
-| v29 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[2xUINT16] |
-| | | |
-| v30 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[1xSINT32] |
-| v31 | 32bit GPR or Vector[4xINT8 or 2xINT16] | 32bit GPR or Vector[1xSINT32] |
-
-Both Andes Packed SIMD and Harmonised RVP are intended to be "low end" SIMD implementations (for processors without dedicated vector registers).
-Instead, the integer register file is used for SIMD operations. To maintain forwards compatibility with "high end" RV Vector implementations, programmer should use VLD and VST to load/store vectors. The implementation will then load/store a vector to/from the register file supported by the implementation.
-
-To keep implementations simple and focused on within-register SIMD only, there is a strict 1:1 mapping between vectors (v0-v31) and integer registers (r0-r31). Standard calling conventions apply and so callee saved integer registers should be saved before being used as vector registers.
- Strided (VLDS/VSTS) and indexed (VLDX/VSTX) load/stores are complex, and simple implementations will trap on these instructions, permitting emulation in software.
-
-## Proposed Harmonised RVP vector op instruction encoding
-
-Register x 2 -> register operations:
-
-| 31 30 29 28 27 26 | 25 | 24 23 22 21 20 | 19 18 17 16 15 | 14 | 13 12 | 11 10 9 8 7 | 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 |
-| ----------------- | -- | -------------- | -------------- | -- | ----- | ----------- | ------------- |
-| func_6 | 0 | rs2 | rs1 | 0 | mm | rd1 | VOP opcode |
-
-Immediate + register -> register operations:
-
-| 31 30 29 | 28 27 26 | 25 | 24 23 22 21 20 | 19 18 17 16 15 | 14 | 13 12 | 11 10 9 8 7 | 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 |
-| -------- | -------- | -- | -------------- | -------------- | -- | ----- | ----------- | ------------- |
-| func_3 | imm[7:5] | 1 | imm[4:0] | rs1 | 0 | mm | rd1 | VOP opcode |
-
-Register x 3 -> register operations:
-
-| 31 30 29 28 27 | 26 25 | 24 23 22 21 20 | 19 18 17 16 15 | 14 | 13 12 | 11 10 9 8 7 | 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 |
-| ----------------------- | -------------- | -------------- | -- | ----- | ----------- | ------------- |
-| rs3 | func_2 | rs2 | rs1 | 1 | mm | rd1 | VOP opcode |
-
-Values for mm field (bits 12:13 above):
-
-* mm = 00 -> no predicate mask, and use current global saturation / rounding settings
-* mm = 00 -> no predicate mask, and force saturation or rounding for this instruction only
-* mm = 10 -> use v1 as predicate mask, and use global saturation / rounding settings
-* mm = 11 -> use ~v1 as predicate mask, and use global saturation / rounding settings
-
-## 16-bit Arithmetic
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 16-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| ADD16 rt, ra, rb | Add | VADD (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| RADD16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Halving add | RADD (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| URADD16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Halving add | RADD (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| KADD16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Saturating add | VADD (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=01|
-| UKADD16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Saturating add | VADD (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=01|
-| SUB16 rt, ra, rb | Subtract | VSUB (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| RSUB16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Halving sub | RSUB (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| URSUB16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Halving sub | RSUB (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| KSUB16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Saturating sub | VSUB (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=01|
-| UKSUB16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Saturating sub | VSUB (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=01|
-| CRAS16 rt, ra, rb | Cross Add & Sub | |
-| RCRAS16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Halving Cross Add & Sub | |
-| URCRAS16 rt, ra, rb| Unsigned Halving Cross Add & Sub | |
-| KCRAS16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Saturating Cross Add & Sub | |
-| UKCRAS16 rt, ra, rb| Unsigned Saturating Cross Add & Sub | |
-| CRSA16 rt, ra, rb | Cross Sub & Add | |
-| RCRSA16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Halving Cross Sub & Add | |
-| URCRSA16 rt, ra, rb| Unsigned Halving Cross Sub & Add | |
-| KCRSA16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Saturating Cross Sub & Add | |
-| UKCRSA16 rt, ra, rb| Unsigned Saturating Cross Sub & Add | |
-
-## 8-bit Arithmetic
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 8-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| ADD8 rt, ra, rb | Add | VADD (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00 |
-| RADD8 rt, ra, rb | Signed Halving add | RADD (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00 |
-| URADD8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Halving add | RADD (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00 |
-| KADD8 rt, ra, rb | Signed Saturating add | VADD (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=01 |
-| UKADD8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Saturating add | VADD (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=01 |
-| SUB8 rt, ra, rb | Subtract | VSUB (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00 |
-| RSUB8 rt, ra, rb | Signed Halving sub | RSUB (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00 |
-| URSUB8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Halving sub | RSUB (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00 |
-| KSUB8 rt, ra, rb | Signed Saturating sub | VSUB (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=01 |
-| UKSUB8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Saturating sub | VSUB (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=01 |
-
-## 16-bit Shifts
-
-SRA[I]16/SRL[I]16/SLL[I]16 to be mapped to VOP shift instructions in same manner as ADD16/SUB16
-
-The “K” (Saturation) and “u” (Rounding) variants could be encoded using VOP’s mm field (mm=01 is saturated or rounded shift, mm=00 is standard VOP shift)
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 16-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| SRA16 rt, ra, rb | Shift right arithmetic | VSRA (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| SRAI16 rt, ra, im | Shift right arithmetic imm | VSRAI (v16 <= rt,ra <= v29), mm=00|
-| SRA16.u rt, ra, rb | Rounding Shift right arithmetic | VSRA (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=01|
-| SRAI16.u rt, ra, im | Rounding Shift right arithmetic imm | VSRAI (v16 <= rt,ra <= v29), mm=01|
-| SRL16 rt, ra, rb | Shift right logical | VSRL (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| SRLI16 rt, ra, im | Shift right logical imm | VSRLI (v16 <= rt,ra <= v29), mm=00|
-| SRL16.u rt, ra, rb | Rounding Shift right logical | VSRL (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=01|
-| SRLI16.u rt, ra, im | Rounding Shift right logical imm | VSLRI (v16 <= rt,ra <= v29), mm=01|
-| SLL16 rt, ra, rb | Shift left logical | VSLL (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| SLLI16 rt, ra, im | Shift left logical imm | VSLLI (v16 <= rt,ra <= v29), mm=00|
-| KSLL16 rt, ra, rb | Saturating Shift left logical | VSLL (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=01|
-| KSLLI16 rt, ra, im | Saturating Shift left logical imm | VSLLI (v16 <= rt,ra <= v29), mm=01|
-| KSLRA16 rt, ra, rb | Saturating Shift left logical or Shift right arithmetic ||
-| KSLRA16.u rt, ra, rb | Saturating Shift left logical or Rounding Shift right arithmetic ||
-
-
-## 8-bit Shifts
-
-Andes SIMD Packed ISA omits 8 bit shifts, but these can be encoded in Harmonised RVP as follows:
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 8-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| n/a | Shift right arithmetic | VSRA (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-| n/a | Shift right arithmetic imm | VSRAI (v2 <= rt,ra <= v15), mm=00|
-| n/a | Rounding Shift right arithmetic | VSRA (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=01|
-| n/a | Rounding Shift right arithmetic imm | VSRAI (v2 <= rt,ra <= v15), mm=01|
-| n/a | Shift right logical | VSRL (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-| n/a | Shift right logical imm | VSRLI (v2 <= rt,ra <= v15), mm=00|
-| n/a | Rounding Shift right logical | VSRL (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=01|
-| n/a | Rounding Shift right logical imm | VSLRI (v2 <= rt,ra <= v15), mm=01|
-| n/a | Shift left logical | VSLL (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-| n/a | Shift left logical imm | VSLLI (v2 <= rt,ra <= v15), mm=00|
-| n/a | Saturating Shift left logical | VSLL (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=01|
-| n/a | Saturating Shift left logical imm | VSLLI (v2 <= rt,ra <= v15), mm=01|
-
-## 16-bit Comparison instructions
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 16-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| CMPEQ16 rt, ra, rb | Compare equal | VSEQ (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| SCMPLT16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Compare less than | !VSGT (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| SCMPLE16 rt, ra, rb | Signed Compare less or equal | VSLE (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| UCMPLT16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Compare less than | !VSGT (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| UCMPLE16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Compare less or equal | VSLE (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-
-## 8-bit Comparison instructions
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 8-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| CMPEQ8 rt, ra, rb | Compare equal | VSEQ (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00|
-| SCMPLT8 rt, ra, rb | Signed Compare less than | !VSGT (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00|
-| SCMPLE8 rt, ra, rb | Signed Compare less or equal | VSLE (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00|
-| UCMPLT8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Compare less than | !VSGT (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-| UCMPLE8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned Compare less or equal | VSLE (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-
-## 16-bit Miscellaneous instructions
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 16-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------ | ------------------- |
-| SMIN16 rt, ra, rb | Signed minimum | VMIN (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| UMIN16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned minimum | VMIN (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| SMAX16 rt, ra, rb | Signed maximum | VMAX (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| UMAX16 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned maximum | VMAX (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=00|
-| SCLIP16 rt, ra, im | Signed clip | ?VCLIP (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=01|
-| UCLIP16 rt, ra, im | Unsigned clip | ?VCLIP (v24 <= rt,ra,rb <= v29), mm=01|
-| KMUL16 rt, ra, rb | Signed multiply 16x16->16 | VMUL (v16 <= rt,ra,rb <= v23), mm=01|
-| KMULX16 rt, ra, rb | Signed crossed multiply 16x16->16 | |
-| SMUL16 rt, ra, rb | Signed multiply 16x16->32 | VMUL (30 <= rt <= 31, v16 <= ra,rb <= v23), mm=00|
-| SMULX16 rt, ra, rb | Signed crossed multiply 16x16->32 | |
-| UMUL16 rt, ra, rb | Signed multiply 16x16->32 | VMUL (30 <= rt <= 31, v24 <= ra,rb <= r31), mm=00|
-| UMULX16 rt, ra, rb | Signed crossed multiply 16x16->32 | |
-| KABS16 rt, ra | Saturated absolute value | VSGNX (v16 <= rt <= v29, v16 <= ra,rb <= v23, mm=01) |
-
-## 8-bit Miscellaneous instructions
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 8-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| SMIN8 rt, ra, rb | Signed minimum | VMIN (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00|
-| UMIN8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned minimum | VMIN (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-| SMAX8 rt, ra, rb | Signed maximum | VMAX (v2 <= rt,ra,rb <= v7), mm=00|
-| UMAX8 rt, ra, rb | Unsigned maximum | VMAX (v8 <= rt,ra,rb <= v15), mm=00|
-| KABS8 rt, ra | Saturated absolute value | VSGNX (v2 <= rt <= v15, v2 <= ra,rb <= v8, mm=01) |
-
-## 8-bit Unpacking instructions
-
-| Andes Mnemonic | 8-bit Instruction | Harmonised RVP Equivalent |
-| ------------------ | ------------------------- | ------------------- |
-| SUNPKD810 rt, ra | Signed unpack bytes 1 & 0 | VMV (v16<= rt <= 23, v2 <= ra <= v7), mm=00|
-| SUNPKD820 rt, ra | Signed unpack bytes 2 & 0 | |
-| SUNPKD830 rt, ra | Signed unpack bytes 3 & 0 | |
-| SUNPKD831 rt, ra | Signed unpack bytes 3 & 1 | |
-| ZUNPKD810 rt, ra | Unsigned unpack bytes 1 & 0 | VMV (v24<= rt <= 31, v8 <= ra <= v15), mm=00|
-| ZUNPKD820 rt, ra | Unsigned unpack bytes 2 & 0 | |
-| ZUNPKD830 rt, ra | Unsigned unpack bytes 3 & 0 | |
-| ZUNPKD831 rt, ra | Unsigned unpack bytes 3 & 1 | |